{"id":1180,"date":"2022-03-18T09:19:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-18T07:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/genesis-and-evolution-of-theatre-for-development\/"},"modified":"2024-03-15T08:24:21","modified_gmt":"2024-03-15T06:24:21","slug":"genesis-and-evolution-of-theatre-for-development","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/genesis-and-evolution-of-theatre-for-development\/","title":{"rendered":"Genesis and Evolution of Theatre for Development"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"\">\u00a0<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;\">TFD emerged in the late 1970s as a social movement that disseminated information on issues of <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">development<\/a> at grassroot level in the developing world. The Evolution of Theatre for <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">Development<\/a> was an offshoot of the<b> <\/b>travelling theatre movement but nurtured by the adult education movement.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;\">Chikwakwa travelling theatre in Zambia and the Laedza Batanani theatre in Botswana Zambia are considered precursors of <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-concept-of-theatre-for-development-tfd\/\">theatre for development<\/a> (Kerr, 1998), Through international workshops that brought together proponents of the movement, use of <a href=\"https:\/\/motivemeaning.blogspot.com\/2022\/03\/the-concept-of-theatre-for-development.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TFD<\/a> spread to Tanzania, Kenya, Sierra Leone, Malawi, Nigeria, Zimbabwe and Cameroons and was linked to other regions of the world. The International Council for Adult Education which housed it as a project promoted its international <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">growth<\/a>. Ross Kidd who worked for the Council and many other colleagues were instrumental for its global linkages (Kerr, 1995).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7e\/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BB.jpg\/800px-%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BB.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Genesis and Evolution of TfD\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/7\/7e\/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BB.jpg\/800px-%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BB.jpg\" alt=\"Genesis and Evolution of TfD\" width=\"640\" height=\"523\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"654\" data-original-width=\"800\"><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Genesis and Evolution of TfD<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;\">Over the years, TFD has been incorporated into extension work of NGOs, <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">development<\/a> agencies, international donors and ministries of agriculture, health, and community <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">development<\/a> and embraces participatory learning approaches (PLAs) that have been popularised by Robert Chambers and is buttressed by the Freirian <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/theory-of-conscientization-2\/\">theory of conscientization<\/a> which has inspired other participatory approaches to human <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">development<\/a> that include: participatory research (PR) and visualization in participatory programmes (VIPP) and PLA<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;\">In more recent times, <b>TFD has successfully been used to <\/b>promote girls&#8217;&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;\">education in Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi (Mwansa &amp; Bergman, 2003). One project considered most democratic in application and appropriation is Tuseme project of Tanzania. The Tuseme groups assiduously follow an intensive workshop approach which has resulted into change of attitude towards sending girls to school<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: #1d1e1c; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;\">The use of theatre to fight the spread of <b>HIV\/AIDS is quite extensive in <\/b>Eastern and Southern Africa where FIN and AIDs threatens to decimate whole populations. For example, in Uganda, a country considered to be <b>a model <\/b>of success, the government and a non-governmental organization the Aids Support Organization (TASO) used TFD as a tool for behaviour change. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;\">established seven theatre companies made up of people 25 people living with AIDS per group which gave hope to the affected and infected as they saw people infected perform and talk about their lives. The general effect in Uganda was reduction of the rate of infection from 30% in 1994 to 6% in 2004.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: left;\">In Zambia, TFD against AIDs was first used at the University of Zambia under the project Artists against AIDs which was sponsored by SIDA and lasted four years. The project took theatre to communities. Between 2003 and 2004 the Zambian Defence Units used TFD to break down stigma. Through its two theatre companies reached 6,000 soldiers and their families in 42 camps and bases.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0TFD emerged in the late 1970s as a social movement that disseminated information on issues of development at grassroot level [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"wds_primary_category":82,"footnotes":""},"categories":[82],"tags":[53,81],"class_list":["post-1180","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-drama","tag-development-studies","tag-theatre-for-development"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":641,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-origin-of-theatre-for-development\/","url_meta":{"origin":1180,"position":0},"title":"The origin of Theatre for Development","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 16, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=FZY-JV9Bj6Y The origin of Theatre for Development can be traced back in the late 1970s as a social movement that disseminated information on issues of development at the grassroots level in the developing world. It was an offshoot of thetravelling theatre movement but nurtured by the adult education movement. Chikwakwa\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Biology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Biology","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/biology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"The origin of Theatre for Development","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.jpg?fit=800%2C654&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.jpg?fit=800%2C654&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.jpg?fit=800%2C654&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.jpg?fit=800%2C654&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1174,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/international-workshops-on-the-tfd\/","url_meta":{"origin":1180,"position":1},"title":"International Workshops on the TFD","author":"centreforelites","date":"March 18, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0The growth of TFD worldwide and in Africa has followed a pattern that began with international workshops followed by a fall out of national organizations and CBOs. The first international workshop that considered arts in development was the UNESCO workshop organizedin India in 1972 on the use of folk media\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Drama&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Drama","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/drama\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":645,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-concept-of-theatre-for-development-tfd\/","url_meta":{"origin":1180,"position":2},"title":"The Concept of Theatre for Development (TfD)","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 16, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s_-eBBB2-EQ Theatre for Development refers to the theatre for community animation theatre for integrated development, theatre for the marginalised, theatre for rural development and simply popular theatre. It is a form of theatre that combines research, entertainment and education. The Concept of Theatre for Development (TfD) In 1977, popular theatre\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"The Concept of Theatre for Development (TfD)","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C870&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C870&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C870&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C870&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C870&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1178,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-concept-of-theatre-for-development-tfd-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":1180,"position":3},"title":"The Concept of Theatre for Development (TfD)","author":"centreforelites","date":"March 18, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=s_-eBBB2-EQ \u00a0Theatre for Development refers to the theatre for community animation theatre for integrated development, theatre for the marginalised, theatre for rural development and simply popular theatre. It is a form of theatre that combines research, entertainment and education. The Concept of Theatre for Development (TfD) In 1977, popular theatre\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Drama&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Drama","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/drama\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Theatre for Development","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development-inEaster-Africa.png?fit=886%2C555&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development-inEaster-Africa.png?fit=886%2C555&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development-inEaster-Africa.png?fit=886%2C555&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Theatre-for-Development-inEaster-Africa.png?fit=886%2C555&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1176,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-origin-of-chikwakwa-theatre-2\/","url_meta":{"origin":1180,"position":4},"title":"The Origin of Chikwakwa Theatre","author":"centreforelites","date":"March 18, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0The Chikwakwa Theatre: The coming into being of the Chikwakwa Theatre in the 1960s gave rise to new theatre groups. The leaders of Chikwakwa Theatre were with a strong feeling and conviction that western theatre in the Zambian society was divided along racial lines and that there would not emerge\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Drama&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Drama","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/drama\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":648,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-origin-of-chikwakwa-theatre\/","url_meta":{"origin":1180,"position":5},"title":"The Origin of Chikwakwa Theatre","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 16, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/youtu.be\/5Gui63DNBKw The Chikwakwa Theatre came into being in the 1960s gave rise to new theatre groups. The leaders of Chikwakwa Theatre were with a strong feeling and conviction that western theatre in the Zambian society was divided along racial lines and that there would not emerge anything of value If\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"The Origin of Chikwakwa Theatre","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Chikwakwa-Theatre.jpg?fit=960%2C720&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Chikwakwa-Theatre.jpg?fit=960%2C720&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Chikwakwa-Theatre.jpg?fit=960%2C720&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Chikwakwa-Theatre.jpg?fit=960%2C720&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1180"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2600,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1180\/revisions\/2600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1180"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1180"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}