{"id":491,"date":"2022-04-14T21:11:40","date_gmt":"2022-04-14T19:11:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/?p=491"},"modified":"2022-05-18T09:32:15","modified_gmt":"2022-05-18T07:32:15","slug":"5-facts-in-teaching-science-in-primary-schools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-facts-in-teaching-science-in-primary-schools\/","title":{"rendered":"5 Facts in  Teaching Science in Primary Schools"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In order for you to understand why you have to teach science to the primary school pupils, you need to study the goals for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7193241829689759114\/3742036200271294789#\">science education<\/a>&nbsp;in this country. Teaching science in primary school is a very delicate issue because children start encountering formal science learning at this level. You need to acquaint yourself to some of the documents that talk about primary science education in Zambia such as Educating our future (policy document on education) and the Zambia Basic Education Syllabus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/learning-center.homesciencetools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/tips-for-teaching-science-to-elementary-thumbnail-1280x720.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" height=\"720\" width=\"1280\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/learning-center.homesciencetools.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/tips-for-teaching-science-to-elementary-thumbnail-1280x720.jpg?resize=1280%2C720&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Teaching Science in Primary Schools\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Teaching Science in Primary Schools<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>THE RATIONALE OF TEACHING SCIENCE IN PRIMARY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Teaching&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>science&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>in primary&nbsp;<\/strong>, although it does obviously include content, is equally about establishing attitudes and working practices, which will first catch and then nurture the germinal concepts of learners. It gives the learners clear understanding of basic concepts, enabling them to acquire capacity to grasp more intricate science undertakings. Through this approach, they become more specific, more a meticulous, laterally thinking and persevering. Whole process is an effort to create a more scientifically literate community.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Teachers place a significant imprint in the minds of the learners under their care and their worldview. The views of the science teachers shape their&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7193241829689759114\/3742036200271294789#\">teaching approaches<\/a>&nbsp;in class. The teaching approaches in turn influence the learners\u2019 views and perceptions, their attitudes, values and interest in science. Science educators have the task of preparing students for multiple roles and responsibilities in the society including managing naturally occurring scientific problems in a thoughtful and reasonably accurate way.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The bases and frameworks of the goals and objective of science education for science teachers and curriculum designers are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>a)Science has an intrinsic value as a body of accumulated knowledge and as a way of finding out about the world.<\/li><li>b)Learning science is a means of helping individuals to fulfil their own personal potential.<\/li><li>c)Learning science helps the individual to learn to live in a society and both to contribute to it and benefit from it.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d8f8d515c9c\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d8f8d515c9c\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-facts-in-teaching-science-in-primary-schools\/#RESPONSIBILITIES_OF_THE_SCIENCE_TEACHER\" >RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SCIENCE TEACHER<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-facts-in-teaching-science-in-primary-schools\/#EFFECTIVE_TEACHING_OF_SCIENCE\" >EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF SCIENCE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-facts-in-teaching-science-in-primary-schools\/#DEFICIENCIES_IN_TEACHING_SCIENCE\" >DEFICIENCIES IN TEACHING SCIENCE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-facts-in-teaching-science-in-primary-schools\/#CONSTRUCTIVIST_APPROACH\" >CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"RESPONSIBILITIES_OF_THE_SCIENCE_TEACHER\"><\/span><strong>RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SCIENCE TEACHER<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The science teacher has the responsibility to develop in the learners, abilities, attitudes, concepts, intellectual skills and manipulative skills of doing science and acting scientifically by applying&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.blogger.com\/blog\/post\/edit\/7193241829689759114\/3742036200271294789#\">scientific knowledge<\/a>. Pupils need to be aware of how rapidly science progresses and should be able to argue for the positive scientific <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">development<\/a>, having learnt the basic level of scientific literacy at school. They ought to help the learner acquire scientific competencies and know when and where to use and communicate such scientific knowledge. This involves reflection of the acquisition of knowledge and application of knowledge, understanding, and skills of scientific inquiry and the capacity to test them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Good teaching requires an awareness of, among other things, the skills that can be developed by working in a scientific way<\/em>. &nbsp;Further, if we are to bring them (learner) into the present century, they must be made to appreciate the uncertainty of science, and to know that theories are speculations or guesses that must be discarded or modified as soon as they fail to fit observations. Children must know that no one really knows. When we give pupils the insights, then they will have learnt science no matter what content they have covered. This approach to teaching science promotes the use of processes of science.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"EFFECTIVE_TEACHING_OF_SCIENCE\"><\/span><strong>EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF SCIENCE<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/419610\/original\/file-20210906-23-1mk17he.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/419610\/original\/file-20210906-23-1mk17he.jpg?ssl=1\" alt=\"Effectively teaching Science in Primary\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Effective teaching of Science in Primary<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Effectiveness of Science Education program will be manifested on how pupils interpret their environment, what is happening in their surrounding and the day-to-day life experiences. The process should help the learner develop the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>An understanding and appreciation of his\/her relationship to his\/her environment and confidence in his ability to effect changes and improvement in the environment.<\/li><li>An awareness of, interest in and curiosity about natural phenomena of his environment, and a commitment to seek a scientific explanation of these phenomena.<\/li><li>An understanding of a selection of significant scientific facts and theories, and the ability to apply them in relevant situations.<\/li><li>His\/her critical thinking ability and a reduction in tendency to adopt opinions based on unsupported or unreliable evidence.<\/li><li>An understanding and appreciation of the methods of science, and the past and possible future contribution of science to mankind.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DEFICIENCIES_IN_TEACHING_SCIENCE\"><\/span><strong>DEFICIENCIES IN TEACHING SCIENCE<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many science classes show deficiencies in course planning, course content and methodology. There is need to contextualise science education to the situation of the learner thus linking it to the social, cultural and personal issues. This requires use of experiments and experimental data to challenge the positions that are otherwise taken for granted. Balance in practical work should be geared towards problem-solving rather than illustrating previously taught theories. This promotes innovation and creativity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Science education programs need to start from the context of the learner. There are often significant disparities between the ideas children bring to the lesson and the ideas the teacher assumes that they would bring, the scientific problem the teacher would like the children to investigate and what they consider the problem for investigation, activity proposed by the teacher and those undertaken by the pupils, the children\u2019s conclusion and the conclusion proposed by the teacher.&nbsp;<em>Although there are some impressive exceptions, too much of the time spent learning science by too many pupils consists of the accumulation of facts and principles which have little perceived or indeed actual, relevance to their daily lives as young people or as adults<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The science teachers are expected to encourage pupils, develop learning experiences that allow the pupils to take responsibility, and value pupil\u2019s hypotheses, conclusions and generate discussions from there. You have to appreciate pupils\u2019 ideas, and promote interactive teaching.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CONSTRUCTIVIST_APPROACH\"><\/span><strong>CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Constructivism is a perception of the way learning takes place from the learner\u2019s -standpoint. Learning then is an active process where the learners construct new ideasor concepts based upon their current and past knowledge and experiences. The learners select and transform information, construct hypotheses, and make decisions, they rely on a cognitive structure to do so. Constructivism therefore views individuals as active constructors of understanding from their own worldview.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/assets-homepages-learning.3plearning.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/blog-4-challenges-teaching-science-primary-school.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/assets-homepages-learning.3plearning.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/blog-4-challenges-teaching-science-primary-school.png?ssl=1\" alt=\"Constructivist approach of teaching Science in Primary\"\/><\/a><figcaption>Constructivist approach of teaching Science in Primary<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Instructional processes must create predisposition towards learning, organise instructional programs in a way that they are easily grasped by the learners, create the most effective sequence of the material to be addressed, and effectively pace reinforcement facilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Constructivist approach to teaching science demands that:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>The process begins with what learner already knows, understands and can do.<\/li><li>Learners become constructors of their own knowledge with guidance of the teacher. The teacher does not necessarily provide the right answer or how appropriate solution can be found.<\/li><li>Learner to learner communication in speech is a necessary ingredient. Universal terms are introduced when it is appropriate to do so.<\/li><li>The focal point of the whole learning environment is each separate individual learner albeit in-group context.<\/li><li>Teaching is a process of enabling. It comprises ceaseless assessment of all learners, individually and appropriate action responses<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Teaching science in primary , although it does obviously include content, is equally about establishing attitudes and working practices.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"wds_primary_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,58],"tags":[59],"class_list":["post-491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-integrated-science","tag-integrated-sciences"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Teaching-science-to-elementary-thumbnail-1280x720-1.jpg?fit=1280%2C720&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":516,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-common-facts-in-science-education\/","url_meta":{"origin":491,"position":0},"title":"5 Common Facts in Science Education","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 15, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Science education\u00a0is a way of leading out (from educere, meaning,\u00a0to lead out) the learner into inquiry (quaere, which means\u00a0\u2018to seek\u2019) of knowledge that is constantly changing. It is in the way of teaching and learning science where the teacher and the pupils interact, dialogue, and in the process unfold the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"5 Common Facts in Science Education","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Science-Education-Tools.jpg?fit=612%2C408&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Science-Education-Tools.jpg?fit=612%2C408&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Science-Education-Tools.jpg?fit=612%2C408&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":502,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-scientific-process-skills-for-any-students\/","url_meta":{"origin":491,"position":1},"title":"5 Scientific Process Skills for any students","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 14, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"In primary science teaching, emphasis is placed on the development of\u00a0scientific process\u00a0skills in pupils. It is important for you to understand that science is a\u00a0body of knowledge\u00a0developed through the scientific method. The\u00a0scientific method\u00a0involves problem solving using scientific process skills. It must be emphasised here that as a teacher you need\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Scientific Process Skills","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":512,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/outdoor-activities-for-science-education\/","url_meta":{"origin":491,"position":2},"title":"Outdoor Activities for Science Education","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 15, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Excursions or outdoor activities in teaching subjects such as science, should be an important part of the learning experience.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Outdoor Activities in science","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Outdoor-Activities-in-science.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Outdoor-Activities-in-science.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Outdoor-Activities-in-science.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Outdoor-Activities-in-science.jpg?fit=960%2C640&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":503,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/scientific-attitudes-content-and-process\/","url_meta":{"origin":491,"position":3},"title":"SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES, CONTENT AND PROCESS","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 14, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"In the study of science, you cannot separate Scientific attitudes, content and process because they depend on each other in finding out and acquiring scientific knowledge. These aspects of science are very important to anyone who wants to study science. SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES TO LEARNING SCIENCE Scientific Attitudes to learning Science\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES, CONTENT AND PROCESS","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TEACHING-SCIENTIFIC-PROCESSES.jpg?fit=674%2C574&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TEACHING-SCIENTIFIC-PROCESSES.jpg?fit=674%2C574&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/TEACHING-SCIENTIFIC-PROCESSES.jpg?fit=674%2C574&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1021,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/","url_meta":{"origin":491,"position":4},"title":"Educational Psychology. 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