{"id":927,"date":"2022-11-03T23:24:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-03T21:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/research-and-common-sense\/"},"modified":"2024-04-09T19:57:07","modified_gmt":"2024-04-09T17:57:07","slug":"research-and-common-sense","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/","title":{"rendered":"Research and Common Sense For Educational Psychologists"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Research and common sense are usually complementary skills of an Educational Psychologist. For so many generations, men strived to acquire competencies and relevant information without using the scientific skills or education and without passing through the scientific procedures. This process of gaining knowledge by means of natural methods based on gift came to be known as common sense. Today however, the most common and reliable method of acquiring this kind of knowledge is through scientific research. These two methods have got some differences and similarities in terms of procedures of collecting information and analysing it in order to get to the new knowledge of the situation in the environment. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d62f1b18cf6\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d62f1b18cf6\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#Definition_of_Common_sense\" >Definition of Common sense<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#Limitations_of_Common_Sense\" >Limitations of Common Sense<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#Research\" >Research<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#The_relationship_between_research_and_common_sense\" >The relationship between research and common sense<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#The_Difference_Between_Research_and_Common_Sense\" >The Difference Between Research and Common Sense<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#The_worth_of_research_in_decision_making_over_the_use_of_common_sense\" >The worth of research in decision making over the use of common sense<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#CONCLUSION\" >CONCLUSION<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/research-and-common-sense\/#REFERENCES\" >REFERENCES<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definition_of_Common_sense\"><\/span><strong>Definition of <\/strong><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Common sense<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">&#8220;Common sense&#8221; has evolved in time in terms of its philosophical meanings and terminology. It was first defined by a Greek philosopher, Aristotle as a capability of the animal soul (Greek&nbsp;<i>psukh\u0113<\/i>) which enables different individual senses to collectively perceive characteristics such as movement and size, which are common to all things, and which help people and other animals to distinguish and identify things. It is distinct from basic sensory perception and from human rational thinking, but works with both. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a style=\"margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/media.istockphoto.com\/photos\/common-sense-picture-id471350013?b=1&amp;k=20&amp;m=471350013&amp;s=170667a&amp;w=0&amp;h=ZQ44U506XjXWZotN9Ua8S8_LaQ2tA4rltZUjSHdyPUY=\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"RESEARCH AND COMMON SENSE\" src=\"https:\/\/media.istockphoto.com\/photos\/common-sense-picture-id471350013?b=1&amp;k=20&amp;m=471350013&amp;s=170667a&amp;w=0&amp;h=ZQ44U506XjXWZotN9Ua8S8_LaQ2tA4rltZUjSHdyPUY=\" alt=\"RESEARCH AND COMMON SENSE\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" border=\"0\" data-original-height=\"338\" data-original-width=\"507\"><\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Common Sense<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">Research has shown that common sense has been for a long time assigned to the dustbin of history by philosophers, scientists, behaviourists, and critical theorists; however it appears common sense is a notion that refuses to die and be buried (Pinker, 1997). <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">While it is sometime necessary to correct the mistakes of common sense, it remains our primary portal to the world of experience and link to other minds, and as such plays a crucial role in cognition and decision-making (Simon, 1987; Crossan <\/span><i style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">et al<\/i><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">, 1999; Patton, 2003). Common sense thinking is generally directed towards immediate pragmatic goals. Its aim is generally to understand <\/span><i style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">here and now <\/i><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">in order to act efficaciously in the given context.<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; mso-spacerun: yes;\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\">But what do we mean by common sense?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\">Bridgeman<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(2012)<\/span><span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">,<\/span> <\/span><span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\">defines common<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>sense as \u201csound and prudent<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>judgment based on a simple<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>perception of the situation<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>or facts,\u201d but common sense<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>is often based on relatively<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>narrow and simplistic<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>assumptions about the<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>world, as well as prejudice,<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>which can lead to<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>erroneous conclusions.<span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\"> Common sense<\/span>&nbsp;is a basic ability to&nbsp;<span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><a title=\"Perception\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Perception\"><span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\">perceive<\/span><\/a><\/span>,&nbsp;<span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><a title=\"Nous\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nous\"><span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\">understand<\/span><\/a><\/span>, and&nbsp;<span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><a title=\"Phronesis\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phronesis\"><span style=\"color: black; mso-themecolor: text1;\">judge<\/span><\/a><\/span>&nbsp;things, which is shared by (&#8220;common to&#8221;) nearly all people, and can be reasonably expected of nearly all people without any need for debate. &#8220;Good sense&#8221; is sometimes seen as equivalent to &#8220;common sense&#8221;, and sometimes not. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Redekop (2009) defines the common sense as the untutored cognitions, intuitions, or mental instincts that are elicited in the course of everyday experience, and help to structure our experience. The common sense comes<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>\u201c<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">as the result of innate, hardwired mental mechanisms that produce the \u2015self-evident truths that all healthy human beings perceive just by being in the world \u2013 things like the existence of external objects that persist even when we are not observing them, the existence of causal relations between observed events, the existence of human responsibility and intention, basic moral intuitions, an \u2015instinct for language and basic numerical properties, certain logical inferences, and much more<\/i>\u201d (p. 3).<b><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">However, the definition which seems to be more practical as far as <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/\">educational psychology<\/a> and the classroom situation are concerned is given by the Oxford dictionary which defines the common sense as \u201c<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">the ability to think about things in a practical way and make sensible decisions\u201d<\/i> (<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Hornby, 2010: 243).<\/span><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">This implies that the common sense can help people or professionals such as teachers to take the correct decision in their daily activities. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Strength of common sense is in that, it is involved in any decision making and there is no single appropriate decision which does not require the use of common sense (Smith, 2007). The common sense develops at the early age of life in humans and constitutes the foundation of most decisions we make. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Besides this people tend to be very sure and confident of what they do if they are result of their common sense as Redekop (2009) emphasises to say: \u201c<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">\u2026 as Reid was at pains to show, empirical analysis of our mental operations reveals that we do in fact rely on a variety of \u2015principles of common sense that cannot be proven but without which we would not be able to make sense of anything at all<\/i>\u201d (p7).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Limitations_of_Common_Sense\"><\/span>Limitations of Common Sense<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;\">However, the common sense has its limits in that it uses the intuition and people perceive it as true facts or truth itself while further research on its facts sometimes reveals the opposite to it. This is in line with <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Bridgeman<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\"> (2012) statement saying that<\/span><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;\">\u201c<\/span><\/i><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">\u2026 but much of what goes as common sense is actually based on common misunderstandings, urban legends, or outright nonsense\u201d(p.1).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Moreover, According to Bridgeman<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\"> (2012) even if common sense can be regarded as \u201csound and prudent judgment based on a simple perception of the situation or facts,\u201d it is often based on relatively narrow and simplistic assumptions about the world, as well as prejudice, which can lead to erroneous conclusions. Apart from this, like Redekop (2009) points it out, going back to the ideas of Locke and others thinkers concerning the commons sense in the sceptical tradition they were worried about the way in which recourse to these innate ideas could easily lead to dogmatism and error. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">This means that common sense alone cannot be relied upon in all the decisions made about different situations or else we may be exposed to numerous unnecessary mistakes. For this reason it becomes inevitable to explore other tools that can be used as a basis of the decision to be taken in a given profession.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Research\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Research<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Research, according to Kombo and Tromp (2006) is all about looking for, examining, exploring and exploring a situation. The research in this regard must be systematic, objective, based on the empirical evidence and carefully designed.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Kasonde (2013) defines research as a process of seeking information with aim of finding solution to a certain problem. This involves a careful interpretation based on scientific theory, the views of the research participants or personal experience of daily life.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">This means that research can be regarded as a systematic way of finding the reality of the situation in order to find a solution to a problem. Research is very important in every day\u2019s teaching activities and can be done in different ways. The information needed by a researcher, in <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/\">educational psychology<\/a> domain, may concern the schools, teachers or students or their interaction with the school environment and various approaches, which, when used with precaution, yield the needed results for the smooth going of the teacher\u2019s or educational researcher\u2019s activities. The approaches can include experiments, correlation studies and descriptive researches (Slavin, 2006).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">However in classroom situation, being a complex environment with different individuals from different backgrounds and where some decisions are immediately required, sometimes the teacher does not have enough time for a systematic research. They need to find an alternative way or approach to get the information and interpret it in order to come up with a tangible solution as confirmed in the statement below. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;<\/span><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">\u201cTeachers who are intentional, critical thinkers are likely to enter their classrooms equipped with knowledge about research in <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/\">educational psychology<\/a>. Every year, educational psychologists discover or refine principles of teaching and learning that are useful for practicing teachers. Some of these principles are just common sense backed up with evidence, but others are more surprising. One problem educational psychologist\u2019s face is that almost everyone thinks he or she is an expert on the subject of <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/\">educational psychology<\/a>. Most adults have spent many years in schools watching what teachers do. Add to that a certain amount of knowledge of human nature, and <b><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">voila!<\/span><\/b>Everyone is an amateur educational psychologist\u201d<\/i> (Slavin, 2006: 9).<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp;<\/span>It is in this regard that the common sense comes to play a very important role in the classroom-based decision making.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_relationship_between_research_and_common_sense\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">The relationship between research and common sense<b><\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">The goals of research and common sense are different. Common sense is mainly concerned with immediate action in context; research is mainly concerned with achieving some understanding which &#8211; to some extent &#8211; is independent of persons and context, and in this interest may eschew the need for guiding immediate action.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Research relies more on extensive collaborative and competitive <i>work <\/i>towards unarguable agreement<i>. <\/i>Common sense is certainly collaborative (even collusive), but when differences arise, agreements to differ are common. In the common sense world, <i>persons <\/i>think as they do; in the scientific research world for example, <i>knowledge <\/i>is what it currently is.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">If we would however only depend on our common sense, such as experience or general knowledge, rather than on scientific research and statistics in psychology, the likelihood of falsifying our results presumably influencing our hypothesis is to a large extent. As no data or facts are available the results of the hypothesis are based merely on assumptions rather than on analysed research studies, therefore being biased as it is entirely opinion based. Nevertheless one might argue that having an opinion based result is the goal of research due to the fact that at the end of the research one supports his or her thesis with an opinion. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Difference_Between_Research_and_Common_Sense\"><\/span>The Difference Between Research and Common Sense<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">The difference between an opinion on results taking from research or from common sense would be that research allows an objective perspective whereas common sense is influenced by different factors such as personality, mood, external influences, etc. hence being subjective. It is not said that scientific research is flawless as experiments or tests could also be flawed through external or internal influences such as participants taking part, wrong application of scientific instruments, wrong <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/master-monitoring-and-evaluation-in-5-minutes\/\">evaluation<\/a> of data, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text1;\">But in comparison to common sense, the research based opinion does not limit our knowledge but rather widens it as many things are still unclear. Our common sense is limited to the outskirts of our knowledge as we retrieve it from our personal experience rather than newly obtained facts. Overall scientific research and statistics is essential in developing a balanced overview and opinion of the results in order to prove a hypothesis. It is less subjective and is more reliable than common sense as the influences in experiments can be controlled in a controlled environment whereas external influences, false judgement, etc. is able to entirely falsify common sense (<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a title=\"View all posts by lefeza\" href=\"http:\/\/lefeza.wordpress.com\/author\/lefeza\/\"><span style=\"border: 1pt none windowtext; color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm;\">Lefeza<\/span><\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"border: 1pt none windowtext; color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial; mso-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm;\">,<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"border: 1pt none windowtext; color: black; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; mso-themecolor: text1; padding: 0cm;\"> 2011).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">The common sense and research can be used together to produce better and more reliable result that either of them alone. Slavin ( 2006) points out that As the case of Mr. Harris illustrates, no theory, no research, no book can tell teachers what to do in a given situation. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Making the right decisions depends on the context within which the problem arises, the objectives the teacher has in mind, and many other factors, all of which must be assessed in the light of educated common sense. For example, research in mathematics instruction usually finds that a rapid pace of instruction increases achievement. Yet a teacher may quite legitimately slow down and spend a lot of time on a concept that is particularly critical or may let students tale time to discover a mathematical principle on their own.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">It is usually much more efficient (that is, it takes less time) to teach students skills or information directly than it is to let them make discoveries for themselves; but if the teacher wants students to gain a deeper understanding of a topic or to know how to find information or figure things out for themselves, then the research findings about pace can be temporarily shelved. \u201c<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">The point is that while research in <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/\">educational psychology<\/a> can sometimes be translated directly to the classroom, it is best to apply the principles with a hefty dose of common sense and a clear view of what is being taught to whom and for what purpose<\/i>\u201d (p. 44).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">In the interests of knowledge, scientific research for example tries to go behind things as they seem. To detect, control and understand the behaviour of entities, it creates artificial events (experiments) so as to isolate the effects of various entities. For this reason, experiments are, from the everyday point of view, thoroughly impractical. They work only in contrived circumstances. Common sense is more concerned with <i>coping <\/i>with things as they are, in all their awkward combinations.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_worth_of_research_in_decision_making_over_the_use_of_common_sense\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">The worth of research in decision making over the use of common sense<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Why do many psychologists prefer research to common sense? In answering the outlined question it is prudent to look at the suggested reasons below.<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">First, a research which leads to theories generation tends to be more internally consistent than common sense. That is, a theory usually doesn\u2019t contradict itself. Common sense, on the other hand, often contradicts itself (\u201cabsence makes the heart grow fonder,\u201d but \u201cout of sight, out of mind\u201d). Researchers find it easier to make clear, consistent predictions from a consistent theory rather than from inconsistent common sense (Bhaskar, 1989 and Collins, 1992)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Second, researches which generate theories tend to be more consistent with existing facts than common sense. Often, theories are constructed by systematically collecting data and carefully analysing the data for patterns. But even when facts do not play a dominant role in giving birth to a theory, facts will usually shape the theory\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">development<\/a>. Generally, if deductions from a theory are incorrect, the theory will be changed or abandoned. Thus, unlike common sense, theories do not ignore facts. Consequently, a hypothesis based on an established theory is a more educated guess and should have a greater chance of being correct than one based on common sense (Bhaskar, 1989 and Collins, 1992)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Third, researches are not restricted to making common sense or intuitively obvious predictions. Conducting research generate theories that can make predictions that are counter-intuitive. For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-social-cognitive-learning-theory\/\">social learning theory<\/a> predicts that rewarding a child for a behaviour could make the child like doing the behaviour less (because the child may decide that he or she does the behaviour because of the reward, rather than because the child likes it).&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Because theories are not limited to making predictions that are consistent with common sense, a theory may suggest controversial, new ways of viewing the world. For instance, Darwin\u2019s theory of evolution had us look at apes as relatives, Einstein\u2019s theory of relativity had us look at matter and energy as being the same thing, Freud\u2019s theory had us look at ourselves as being motivated by forces of which we weren\u2019t aware, and Watson\u2019s theory had us look at ourselves as a set of reflexes.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Fourth, research summarises and organises a great deal of information. Just as the plot of a movie may connect thousands of otherwise unrelated images, research connect individual facts and give them meaning. That is, research tries to explain facts. The ability of theories to connect facts means that for example theory-based research will not produce isolated bits of trivia. Instead, the findings will fit into a framework that connects many other studies. In other words, the facts revealed by theory-based research are not merely of interest for their own sake, but also for how they relate to the theory\u2019s explanation of how the world works.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Fifth, research gives to individual facts a meaningful context, contrary to common sense theories focus research. Because many researchers try to test theories, findings from theory-based research are not only relevant to the theory\u2019s explanation of events, but also to the findings of other researchers. Because progress in <a href=\"https:\/\/educom360.com\/introduction-to-pragmatic-research-methods\/?swcfpc=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scientific research<\/a> for example comes from researchers building on each other\u2019s work, the importance of a theory\u2019s ability to coordinate individual scientists\u2019 efforts should not be underestimated.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Sixth, research conducting is often broad in scope. Because it can be applied to a wide range of situations, researchers can generate a wide variety of studies from a single theory. For example, <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-social-cognitive-learning-theory\/\">social learning theory<\/a> can be applied to prisons, businesses, advertising, politics, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/schizophrenia#:~:text=Schizophrenia%20is%20a%20serious%20mental,for%20their%20family%20and%20friends.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">schizophrenics<\/a>, smokers, librarians, mad dogs, and Englishmen. Similarly, Freud\u2019s theory of the unconscious can be applied to virtually any situation while common sense can likely only to be applied to very few situations.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Common sense is mostly based on opinions, maybe individualistic or naturalistic, lack objectivity and sometimes does not carry notions of being factual. Examples could include: <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;\">People marry because they love each other vs. people marry because it is a social expectation <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;\">People are unemployed because they are lazy and don\u2019t want to work vs. the structure of employment has changed <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;\">H<\/span>umans<span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;\"> are poor because they do not budget properly vs. Humans are poor because of low wages and low benefits <\/span><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-themecolor: text1;\">People commit suicides because they are unhappy vs. rates of suicide are socially distributed and can be attributed to social factors such as unemployment, religion, and urbanisation. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Finally, research generate theories which are often more testable than common sense. That is, by talking about variables that can be objectively measured and by making specific predictions; a good theory is easy to test. As exemplified above unlike use of common sense, research is a very useful tool for developing ideas that are used in <a href=\"https:\/\/kanyarwandamugisha.blogspot.com\/2022\/11\/teaching-as-decision-making.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decision making<\/a> and tying those ideas to existing knowledge. Without research based on theory, psychology would chaotically move in every direction with little purpose, like a chicken with its head cut off. Indeed, theory-based research is responsible for much of psychology\u2019s progress which guides our sound decision in the education system. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CONCLUSION\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">CONCLUSION <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Common sense and research, both involve an attempt to understand various aspects of educational been before a teacher makes decisions. However before a decision is made, research, but arguably not common sense, involves an explicit, systematic approach to finding things out, often through a process of testing out preconceptions. In another angle it could be argued that both research and common sense rely on fundamentally concrete modes of thought. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Reasoning is done with imagined entities and events, but imagined entity of researched works turned to be different from those of common sense. Both research and common sense share, or at least so suppose, the same common ontology of space, time, object, and action (that is, the same basic dimensions of thought). But they use them differently, and attribute entities and events different to them. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"REFERENCES\"><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">REFERENCES<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-themecolor: text1;\">Abelson R, Lalljee <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">M (1988) &#8216;Knowledge structures and causal explanation&#8217; in Hilton D J (Ed) <i>Contemporary Science and Natural Explanation <\/i>Harvester Press: Sussex<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Bhaskar R (1989) <i>Reclaiming Reality <\/i>Verso: London<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><i><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Bridgeman,B.<\/span><\/i><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">(2012). Why Bother with Research When We Have Common Sense?, R &amp; D Connections, no 20. Princeton: ETS Research &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">Development<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Collins H (1992) <i>Changing Order: Replication and Induction in Scientific Practice<\/i><\/span>. <span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Chicago University Press: Chicago<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Dembo Myron H (1994).<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>Applying <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/\">Educational Psychology<\/a> 5<sup>th<\/sup> Ed University of Southen Africa. California <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: ITCAvantGardeStd-Bold;\">Fuller,A.(2011).<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\"> The Teacher as a Decision Maker<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-font-family: ITCAvantGardeStd-Bold;\">\/Pearson<\/span> <span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">\u00ab Le sens commun \u00bb, Sophia Rosenfeld. <\/span><span lang=\"FR\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: FR;\">Christophe Jaquet (trad.)ISBN 978-2-7535-2861-1 Presses universitaires <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"FR\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: FR;\">Gephart, R. P. Jr. <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">(1993), The textual approach: risk and blame in disaster sense-making, <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Academy of Management Journal, <\/i>Vol. 36, No. 6, pp.<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i>1400-29.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Gioia, D.A. and Chittipeddi, K. (1991), Sensemaking and sensegiving in strategic change initiation, <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Strategic Management Journal<\/i>, Vol. 12, pp. 433-448.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Gregoric, P. (2007). <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Aristotle on the common sense<\/i>. New York: Oxford University press<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Hasan, H. and Gould, E. (2001), Support for the sense-making activity of managers, <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Decision Support Systems<\/i>, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 71-86.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Hornby, A.S. (2010). <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">Oxford learner\u2019s dictionary. 8<sup>th<\/sup> edition<\/i>. New York: Oxford University press<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Kreuger RA (2000) 3rd edition Focus Groups: A Practical Guide For Applied<\/span> <span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">Research (2nd Edition). London, Sage.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"border: 1pt none windowtext; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;\"><a title=\"View all posts by lefeza\" href=\"http:\/\/lefeza.wordpress.com\/author\/lefeza\/\">lefeza<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"border: 1pt none windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;\"> (2011). <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"border: 1pt none windowtext; mso-border-alt: none windowtext 0cm; padding: 0cm;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/lefeza.wordpress.com\/2011\/09\/29\/scientific-research-and-common-sense\/\">Scientific Research and Common&nbsp;Sense<\/a>. Available at <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">: <a href=\"http:\/\/lefeza.wordpress.com\/2011\/09\/29\/scientific-research-and-common-sense\/retrieved%20on%2012\/04\/2014\">http:\/\/lefeza.wordpress.com\/2011\/09\/29\/scientific-research-and-common-sense\/retrieved on 12\/04\/2014<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">McMahon Judith W, McMahon Frank B, and Romano (1995) Psychology and You. Second EditionWest Publishing Company, New York.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;\">Redekop, B. W. (2009),<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;\">Common Sense in Philosophical and Scientific Perspective. <\/span><i style=\"color: windowtext; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;\">Management Decision,<\/i><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;\"> Vol. 47, No. 3, pp. 399-412. Virginia<\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;\">: <\/span><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt;\">Emerald Group Publishing Limited.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ask.com\/question\/why-is-research-better-than-common-sense\">http:\/\/www.ask.com\/question\/why-is-research-better-than-common-sense<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"> date retrieved 15\/05\/14<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><a href=\"http:\/\/fr.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/L'Explication_scientifique\/La_Science_et_le_sens_commun\/retrieveon%2012\/04\/2014\">http:\/\/fr.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/L&#8217;Explication_scientifique\/La_Science_et_le_sens_commun\/retrieveon 12\/04\/2014<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research and common sense are usually complementary skills of an Educational Psychologist. For so many generations, men strived to acquire [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":276,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"wds_primary_category":107,"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[71],"class_list":["post-927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-educational-psychology","tag-educational-psychology"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/The-Research-Process-in-Theatre-For-Development.jpg?fit=1024%2C576&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":516,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-common-facts-in-science-education\/","url_meta":{"origin":927,"position":0},"title":"5 Common Facts in Science Education","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 15, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Science education\u00a0is a way of leading out (from educere, meaning,\u00a0to lead out) the learner into inquiry (quaere, which means\u00a0\u2018to seek\u2019) of knowledge that is constantly changing. It is in the way of teaching and learning science where the teacher and the pupils interact, dialogue, and in the process unfold the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"5 Common Facts in Science Education","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Science-Education-Tools.jpg?fit=612%2C408&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Science-Education-Tools.jpg?fit=612%2C408&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Science-Education-Tools.jpg?fit=612%2C408&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1021,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/educational-psychology\/","url_meta":{"origin":927,"position":1},"title":"Educational Psychology. Definition and Nature","author":"centreforelites","date":"September 29, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Educational Psychology is the branch of Psychology that specially explores the understanding of teaching and learning in educational settings. It is the study of how humans learn in educational settings,","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Educational Psychology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Educational Psychology","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/educational-psychology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"woman in white shirt and blue denim shorts lying on bed","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":929,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/application-of-knowledge-acquired-from-psychology-and-educational-psychology-to-the-society\/","url_meta":{"origin":927,"position":2},"title":"Application of Educational Psychology knowledge to the society","author":"centreforelites","date":"November 3, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Let us take a close look at the actual application of Educational Psychology knowledge to the society. The knowledge acquired in Psychology in general and Educational psychology in particular can be useful in so many ways.\u00a0 \u00a0 The main Services offered following the knowledge and specialisation in educational psychology are\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Educational Psychology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Educational Psychology","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/educational-psychology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Application of Educational Psychology knowledge to the society","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Psychology-in-everyday-life.jpg?fit=639%2C416&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Psychology-in-everyday-life.jpg?fit=639%2C416&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Psychology-in-everyday-life.jpg?fit=639%2C416&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":502,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-scientific-process-skills-for-any-students\/","url_meta":{"origin":927,"position":3},"title":"5 Scientific Process Skills for any students","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 14, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"In primary science teaching, emphasis is placed on the development of\u00a0scientific process\u00a0skills in pupils. It is important for you to understand that science is a\u00a0body of knowledge\u00a0developed through the scientific method. The\u00a0scientific method\u00a0involves problem solving using scientific process skills. It must be emphasised here that as a teacher you need\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Scientific Process Skills","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Scientific-Process-Skills.jpg?fit=1024%2C768&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":930,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/effect-of-educational-psychology-on-the-community\/","url_meta":{"origin":927,"position":4},"title":"The Role of The Educational psychologist in the community","author":"centreforelites","date":"November 3, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The role of the educational psychologist is varied in regard the activities engaged in, the focus of work and the populations being worked with\/alongside.","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Educational Psychology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Educational Psychology","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/educational-psychology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"The Role of The Educational psychologist in the community","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/The-Role-of-The-Educational-psychologist-in-the-community.webp?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/The-Role-of-The-Educational-psychologist-in-the-community.webp?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/The-Role-of-The-Educational-psychologist-in-the-community.webp?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/The-Role-of-The-Educational-psychologist-in-the-community.webp?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/The-Role-of-The-Educational-psychologist-in-the-community.webp?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":753,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/the-concept-of-psychology\/","url_meta":{"origin":927,"position":5},"title":"THE CONCEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY","author":"centreforelites","date":"April 18, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Introduction Psychology as a branch of knowledge is devoted to the study of behaviour of human beings and animals. To this end, the relevance of psychology cannot be doubted, more importantly that the well trained teachers will need it to understand the behaviour of his\/her students in relation to the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Blog&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Blog","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/category\/blog\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Introduction to psychology","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Introduction-to-psychology.webp?fit=680%2C432&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Introduction-to-psychology.webp?fit=680%2C432&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Introduction-to-psychology.webp?fit=680%2C432&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=927"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2835,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions\/2835"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}