{"id":965,"date":"2022-11-02T21:11:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-02T19:11:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/carol-gilligans-different-voice-and-the-morality-of-caring\/"},"modified":"2023-07-07T13:24:43","modified_gmt":"2023-07-07T11:24:43","slug":"carol-gilligans-different-voice-and-the-morality-of-caring","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/carol-gilligans-different-voice-and-the-morality-of-caring\/","title":{"rendered":"CAROL GILLIGAN\u2019S \u201cDIFFERENT VOICE\u201d AND THE MORALITY OF CARING"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/a>Carol Gilligan<\/a>\u2019s 1982 book \u201cIn a Different Voice\u201d is now a classic in psychological literature. In it Gilligan challenged psychology for its narrow sexism in studying (in most cases) men and then generalising their results to both genders. The implicit assumption psychologists (who were, in the early history of field, mainly men themselves) made was that men were the <\/span>\u201cprototype\u201d<\/i> species.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"CAROL<\/a><\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

This assumption was also reflected in what is now considered the sexist language of the early literature; Thus Gilligan assumed that Kohlberg\u2019s scale systematically discriminated against women by generally placing them lower on his morality scale. Here are some of her anecdotal accounts of the differences between a girl (Amy) and a boy (Jake), both aged 11, in their approaches to the Heinz dilemma:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"CAROL<\/a><\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Criticism of Kohlberg\u2019s theory<\/a> on Moral Development.<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

The contributions of Kohlberg towards the study of moral development<\/a> cannot be over emphasised. He demonstrated in studies shown what takes place from childhood through to adulthood in terms of reasoning. In addition to his own personal influence, Kohlberg\u2019s work has also inspired a number of scholars.<\/span><\/p>\n

Furthermore, his theory has not gone without criticisms. According to Arnett (2001) in Munsaka and Matafwali (2013) criticism towards this theory fall within three categories, these are: The structural versus content critique, the gender critique, and the cultural critique\u2019 (p.119).<\/span><\/p>\n

The Structural versus Content Critique<\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/h2>\n

As Arnett (2001) indicates, Kohlberg was more concerned about the structure of people\u2019s moral reasoning, than he was about the content of their moral judgment. Some scholars have not agreed with Kohlberg\u2019s view that structure and not content, determine moral development<\/a>. Furthermore, Kohlberg is criticised on the grounds that moral reasoning is not distinctly separate and sequenced. Thus often than not, people\u2019s reasoning exhibits attributes of several stages simultaneously, (Munsaka and Matafwali, 2013).<\/span><\/p>\n

The Gender Critique.<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

Scholars have argued that Kohlberg\u2019s theory<\/a> was lopsided in favour of males. As results of this other gaps were noted in Kohlberg\u2019s theory. Furthermore, she argues that people\u2019s moral reasoning is governed by desire to fulfil self-interests, and interests of immediate relationships. With time the focus on self-interests and immediate relationships gives way to morality that is based on a sense of responsibility and care for all people. Finally, it is important also to note that most research conducted on males and females confirm that the focus for males and females in terms of aspects of morality differs.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0Carol Gilligan\u2019s 1982 book \u201cIn a Different Voice\u201d is now a classic in psychological literature. In it Gilligan challenged psychology for its narrow sexism in studying (in most cases) men and then generalising their results to both genders.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1861,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"wds_primary_category":121,"footnotes":""},"categories":[121,122],"tags":[71,207],"class_list":["post-965","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-moral-development","category-personality-development","tag-educational-psychology","tag-moral-development"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/CAROL-GILLIGANS-DIFFERENT-VOICE-AND-THE-MORALITY-scaled.jpg?fit=2560%2C1440&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1022,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/en\/5-main-approaches-of-psychology\/","url_meta":{"origin":965,"position":0},"title":"5 Main Approaches of Psychology","author":"centreforelites","date":"September 29, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"\u00a0An approach is a perspective or view that involves certain assumptions or beliefs about human behaviour regarding the way they function, which aspects of them are worthy of study and what research methods are appropriate for undertaking this study. 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