{"id":1028,"date":"2022-05-20T17:04:00","date_gmt":"2022-05-20T15:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/amazing-psychology-facts-you-may-not-know\/"},"modified":"2024-03-15T21:44:03","modified_gmt":"2024-03-15T19:44:03","slug":"psychology-as-the-observable-behavior-observable-behavior","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/psychology-as-the-observable-behavior-observable-behavior\/","title":{"rendered":"PSYCHOLOGY AS THE OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

 PSYCHOLOGY AS THE OBSERVABLE BEHAVIOR IN THE L<\/span>IGHT OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING, OPERANT <\/span>CONDITIONING AND HUMANISTIC THEORY<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

By Levinson<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many people do not know that psychology is describe as the study of observable behavior by some scholars in their theories. As teachers, it is very imperative to discuss and understand this observable behaviour if we are to effectively teach and faze away phobia, stubbornness, and bad repercussion pupil have on teachers. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The whole idea is to make them perform well in their school academic, have respect for their teachers and a considerable behaviour towards fellow pupils. observing the behavior of pupils will enable us to understand why they behave in such a way and create a better response to overcome that behaviour so that he or she can have a better future\u00a0 or prepare a pupil for future leadership.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Therefore in this paper I have defined what is Psychology in general and concentrate my discussion on the definition, \u201c psychology is the study of observable behavior\u201d,  in line with the stages under classical conditioning, operant conditioning<\/a> and humanistic theory are explained whilst considering theories imprecations, strengths and weaknesses in the context of our Zambian culture. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.1.         <\/span><\/span><\/b>DEFINITION<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The definition is joined by two words; Psyche which means \u201cmind\u201d and logy which means  \u201cstudy.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The study further believed it was the study of mind, spirit and the study of mental processes and behaviour. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Psychology was started by Wilhelm Wundt in German. It is the combination of two words, \u201cPhilosophy and physiology.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Philosophy means speculation of ideas and physiology means-testing of ideas or experimenting of ideas.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is also defined as science developed through research and of course through learning.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1.2.<\/span><\/b>CLASSICAL CONDITIONING<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Classic conditioning  also known as pavloian or respondent conditioning. This refers to the learning procedure in which biologically potent stimulus (food) is paired with previously natural stimulus ( bell). It also refers to the leaning process that results from this pairing, through which the neural stimulus come to elicit a response ( salivation) that is similar to the one elicited by the potent stimulus.  <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Classical conditioning is a type of leaning that at first had a major influence in the school of thoughts in psychology known as behaviorism. Discovered by Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Behaviorism is based on the assumption that:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d8  <\/span><\/span>All leaning occurs through interaction with the environment.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d8  <\/span><\/span>The environment shapes behavior and so on. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pavlov said, the dogs were demonstrating classical conditioning. He summed it up like this: there is a neutral stimulus (the bell), which by itself will not produce a response, like salivation. There is also a non neutral or unconditional neutral stimulus ( the food), which will produce an conditional response ( salivation).<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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The theory of classical conditioning (also called Pavlovian conditioning) is universally accepted and has remained virtually unchanged since its conception through Pavlov’s work. It is used to explain and interpret a wide range of human behavior<\/a>, including where phobias come from, why people dislike certain foods, the source of students emotions. Classical conditioning focuses on reflexive behavior: those behaviors that are not under students voluntary control. Any reflex can be conditioned to occur to a previously neutral stimulus. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A person can be classically conditioned so that some one\u2019s left eye blinks when \u00a0he or she hears a doorbell, a person\u2019s heart rate increases at the sight of a flashing blue light and when you eat strawberries. The doorbell, blue light, and strawberries were all neutral in relation to the conditioned responses until they somehow became associated with unconditioned stimuli for eye blinking (i.e., a puff of air into the eye) and heart rate increase (i.e., a sudden loudnoise).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0In 1913 john Watson published the classic articles, \u201cPsychology as the behaviorist view it.\u201d John Watson proposed that the process of classical conditioning ( based on Pavlov\u2019s observations) was able to explain all aspects of human psychology. Watson denied completely the exisistence the mind of consciousness. He believed that all individual differences in behavior were due to different experiences of leaning. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

He famously said, \u201cgive me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specified world to bring them up in and I will guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant, chief, beggar and a thief regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vacations and race of his ancestors Watson \u00a0( 1924; p. 104) \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Table of Contents<\/p>\n