{"id":925,"date":"2022-11-05T10:42:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-05T08:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/hazards-associated-with-prenatal-period\/"},"modified":"2024-03-15T21:15:30","modified_gmt":"2024-03-15T19:15:30","slug":"hazards-associated-with-prenatal-period","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/hazards-associated-with-prenatal-period\/","title":{"rendered":"HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WITH PRENATAL PERIOD"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

There are serious hazards to development<\/a> during the relatively short period before birth or during the prenatal Period. These are either physical or psychological. Physical hazards are dangerous but are easily recognised and so they have received more scientific attention. Psychological hazards are equally dangerous because they affect attitudes of the significant people in the society toward the developing child.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"HAZARDS<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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Physical hazards:<\/span><\/b> each of the three main subdivisions of the prenatal period involves certain physical hazards. What happens to the foetus in the womb and in the process of its birth, the adequacy of its uterine nutrition, its good or ill fortune at birth with regard to infection or injury, are all considered as important as its heredity.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miscarriage and abortion:<\/span><\/b> a miscarriage or spontaneous abortion occurs when pregnancy is brought to an end before the developing organism is mature enough to survive outside the womb. It takes place when the embryo separates from the uterine wall and is flushed out by the uterus. Nearly 20% of all pregnancies end in a spontaneous abortion mostly in the first 2-3 months.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Most of the spontaneous abortions take place without mothers\u2019 awareness and perhaps many involve an embryo\/foetus that was developing in a normal way. Today\u2019s spontaneous abortion is brought about by abnormalities of the reproductive tract, viral or bacterial infections and sometimes by severe traumas.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maternal diseases and conditions<\/span><\/b>: maternal disease can result into defects by crossing the placental barrier. These diseases can also be source of damage to the foetus during birth. For instance:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rubella (German measles)<\/span><\/b>: is a maternal disease that damages prenatal development<\/a> of children. Those born with Rubella may have defects such as mental retardation, blindness, and deafness and heart problems. The greatest danger of this disease is in the 3rd or 4th week of pregnancy, hence it occurs during organogenesis (when organs are formed) however, it can be controlled nowadays through vaccine, which is administered to children. Also, it is advisable for women who plan to have children to first test their blood before they become pregnant to detect presence of the disease.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syphilis:<\/span><\/b> this is devastative later in prenatal development<\/a> in 4th or more months after conception. Unlike Rubella<\/a> that damages organogenesis, syphilis damages organs that have been formed. It causes eye lesions that can result into blindness.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

When present at birth, then it may cause problems that affect the central nervous system and gastro-intestinal tract<\/a>. It is suggested that women should be tested to detect syphilis before pregnancy.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genital herpes:<\/span><\/b> this may be contracted during birth. New-borns contract the herpes simplex virus II when they are delivered through the birth canal of mothers with genital herpes. Nearly 1\/3 of babies delivered through the birth canal die and \u00bc become brain damaged. This can be prevented by using caesarean section to keep the virus from infecting the new-born.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

HTV\/AIDS:<\/span><\/b> today, the number of women with HIV is growing steadily especially in developing countries. Consequently, more children are born exposed and infected with HIV. HIV\/AIDS is among the leading cause of death among children between the ages of 1-14 years. Once the immune system of a baby is destroyed then the result is death. There are 3 ways a mother who suffers from HIV\/AIDS can infect her offspring.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n