{"id":941,"date":"2022-11-03T20:50:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-03T18:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/"},"modified":"2024-12-22T10:43:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-22T08:43:45","slug":"7-theories-of-intelligence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/","title":{"rendered":"7 Theories of intelligence"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"7 Mind Blowing Intelligence Theories That Will Make You Question Everything!\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HthVtdlksik?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;\">Like more other concepts, intelligence was and still is conceived differently by different people. It is in sense that different scholars made efforts to come up with their own understanding of what intelligence really is and the different forms that it may take. It is this effort by psychologists and other scientists which resulted in various Theories of intelligence.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/slideplayer.com\/slide\/5906225\/19\/images\/4\/Theories%2Bof%2BIntelligence.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/slideplayer.com\/slide\/5906225\/19\/images\/4\/Theories%2Bof%2BIntelligence.jpg?ssl=1\" alt=\"\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; text-align: justify;\">These theories help us to understand how intelligence operates, what type of behaviour makes an individual intelligent or unintelligent.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d3ae274f874\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69d3ae274f874\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/#Unitary_theory_or_Monarchic_theory\" >Unitary theory or Monarchic theory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/#_Anarchic_theory_or_Multifactor_theory\" >&nbsp;Anarchic theory or Multifactor theory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/#Sternbergs_Theory_of_Intelligence\" >Sternberg\u2019s Theory of Intelligence<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/#_Spearmans_Two_Factor_Theory\" >&nbsp;Spearman&#8217;s Two Factor Theory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/#Group_Factor_Theory\" >Group Factor Theory<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/#Gardners_Theory_of_Multiple_Intelligences\" >Gardner\u2019s Theory of Multiple Intelligences<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/7-theories-of-intelligence\/#_Emotional_Intelligence\" >&nbsp;Emotional Intelligence<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Unitary_theory_or_Monarchic_theory\"><\/span><span style=\"mso-bookmark: _Toc508489014;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Unitary theory or Monarchic theory<\/span><\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a name=\"_Toc508489014\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">The monarchy theory, the oldest of all theories of intelligence, holds the view that intelligence consists of one factor, namely, fund of intelligence competence, which is universal for all the activities of the individual. If one has a fund of intelligence, s\/he can utilise it to cover any area of his\/her life and can be as successful in one area as in the other depending upon his\/her fund of intelligence. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">But in actual life situations, the ideas propagated by this theory may be deceiving. For instance, someone good in science, despite their serious interest and hard work, may not be so good in history. Another example: a student who is good in Mathematics could not find him\/herself equally competent in learning languages.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Anarchic_theory_or_Multifactor_theory\"><\/span><span style=\"mso-bookmark: _Toc508489015;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\"><span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Anarchic theory or Multifactor theory<\/span><\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a name=\"_Toc508489015\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">The main propagator of this theory was E.L. Thorndike. As the name suggests, this theory, also known as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.preptoz.com\/library\/theories-of-intelligence\/#:~:text=Thorndike's%20multifactor%20theory&amp;text=Thorndike%20propagated%20the%20Multifactor%20Theory,minute%20element%20of%20one's%20ability.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">atomistic theory of intelligence<\/a>, considers intelligence as a combination of numerous separate <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/elements-compounds-and-mixtures\/\">elements<\/a> of factors, each one being a minute element of the ability. So there is no such thing as general intelligence (a single factor) but there are many highly independent specific abilities which go into different tasks. Anarchic theory poses a challenge as we cannot say specifically which types of abilities that constitute the person\u2019s intellectual capacity for one will be entirely successful in a particular area and completely unsuccessful in another.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sternbergs_Theory_of_Intelligence\"><\/span><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Sternberg\u2019s Theory of Intelligence<\/span><\/i><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Robert Sternberg (1985) proposed a <\/span><\/i><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">triarchic theory,<\/span> <\/i><\/b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">or three-part theory, of intelligence. Sternberg proposed that intelligence can be divided into three ways of processing information. The first way is using <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">analytical<\/span> thinking skills, or the ability to solve problems. These kinds of skills are the ones that are traditionally measured on <a href=\"https:\/\/kanyarwandamugisha.blogspot.com\/2022\/11\/measuring-intelligence.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">intelligence tests<\/a>. The second way is applying <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">creative <\/span>thinking to solving problems and dealing with new situations. The third is using <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">practical <\/span>thinking skills to help adjust to and cope with one\u2019s environment. Sternberg\u2019s ideas stress the point that traditional intelligence tests do not measure and assess intelligences found in everyday life. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Spearmans_Two_Factor_Theory\"><\/span><span style=\"mso-bookmark: _Toc508489017;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman';\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\"><span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><!--[endif]--><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Spearman&#8217;s Two Factor Theory<\/span><\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a name=\"_Toc508489017\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">This theory was advocated by the <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">British psychologist Charles <\/span><\/i>Spearman. He <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">proposed his <\/span><b><span style=\"color: #00cdff;\">two-factor theory<\/span><\/b><span style=\"color: black;\"> of intelligence in 1904 which According the theory contribute to a person\u2019s intelligence.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">According to Spearman, every different intellectual activity involves a general intelligence factor &#8220;G&#8221; which is shared with all intellectual activities, <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">This involves a person\u2019s ability to perform complex mental work, such as problem solving.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">A second factor, <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">s, <\/span>represents a person\u2019s specific mental abilities, such as verbal or math skills<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"> is shared with none.<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">In this way, Spearman suggested that there is something which might be called general intelligence, which in his view, is a sort of general mental energy, running through all different tasks. But in addition to this factor, there are specific abilities, which make an individual able to deal with particular situations or situations. Performance in mathematics, for instance, is partly due to some kind of specific ability in mathematics which one might possess, that is G+S1. The ability or intelligence of such an individual symbolises A. G+S1+S2+S3=A.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Critics to Spearman\u2019s theory argue that <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">g <\/span>does not measure many other kinds of mental abilities such as motor, musical, or creative abilities. These critics argue that intelligence cannot be reduced to just <b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">g<\/span><\/b> and expressed by a single IQ score.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">In summary, the following are the weaknesses of Spearman&#8217;s theory:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">1.<span style=\"mso-tab-count: 1;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span>Spearman said that there are only two factors expressing intelligence but several have been seen.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">2.<span style=\"mso-tab-count: 1;\">&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span>Each job requires some specific ability according to Spearman. This view was not proper as it implies that there was nothing common in the jobs except general factors.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Group_Factor_Theory\"><\/span><span style=\"mso-bookmark: _Toc508489018;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Group Factor Theory<\/span><\/b><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a name=\"_Toc508489018\"><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">This theory was propagated by L.L. Thurston (1938), an American psychologist. The group factor theory states that there are certain factors not common to all of the intellectual abilities, but to certain activities comprising a group. According to Thurston, there are a number of groups of mental abilities each of which has its own primary factor. He proposes nine primary factors governing our mental abilities.<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Factor<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: center;\" align=\"center\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Abilities involved<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(i)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Verbal factor (V) <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">comprehension of verbal relations, meaning of words, ideas and concepts<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(ii)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Spatial factor (S)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Ability to visualise manipulate patterns or any other forms of space imaginatively.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(iii)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Numerical factor (N) <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Ability to do numerical calculations involved in problems very rapidly and accurately.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(iv)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Memory factor (M) <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">involving the ability to memorise<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\">&nbsp; <\/span>and recall; information quickly.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(v)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Word fluency factor (W) <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Ability to think of the isolated words , such as rhyming, solving anagrams and crossword puzzles at a rapid ratio.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(vi)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Inductive reasoning factor (IR): <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to draw inferences on conclusions on the basis of specific instances.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(vii)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Deductive reason factor (RD): <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to make use of generalised results.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(viii)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Perceptual factor (P)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to perceive objects and determine similarities and differences between stimuli accurately.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-left: 45pt; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level4 lfo1; tab-stops: 56.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt;\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">(ix)<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Problem-solving ability factor (PS): <\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to solve problems with independent efforts.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Table: Thurston\u2019s nine primary mental abilities<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">The group factor discarded the concept of common factor. This was due to the fact that <i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black;\">after testing a large number of people on more than 50 different ability tests, Thurston found no evidence for the general intelligence that Spearman had identified. He therefore believed that a person\u2019s intelligence needed to be a measurement of all nine mental abilities and not just a measurement of one factor.<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gardners_Theory_of_Multiple_Intelligences\"><\/span><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;\">Gardner\u2019s Theory of Multiple Intelligences<\/span><\/i><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Psychologist Howard Gardner (1983, 1999) rejected the traditional idea of intelligence as primarily the ability to think logically. He believes this view is inadequate because it omits many important skills. Gardner argues for a broader perspective that includes eight types of intelligence<\/span><span style=\"color: #f30000; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Seven types of intelligence are: (1) verbal ability; (2) logical-mathematical reasoning skills; (3) spatial ability, or the ability to find your way around an environment and to form mental images of it; (4) musical ability, or the ability to create and perceive pitch and rhythm patterns; (5) body kinaesthetic ability, or skill at fine motor movements required for tasks such as gem cutting, surgery, and athletics; (6) interpersonal skills, involving understanding the feelings of others; and (7) intrapersonal skills, or knowledge of oneself.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Gardner later added two types of intelligence, namely, (8) naturalist intelligence, which is a person\u2019s ability to identify and classify patterns in nature. And (9) existential intelligence, concerning the experience of existence.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/explorable.com\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/multiple-intelligence.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/explorable.com\/sites\/default\/files\/images\/multiple-intelligence.jpg?ssl=1\" alt=\"7 Theories of intelligence\" title=\"7 Theories of intelligence\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Gardner\u2019s research on the results of brain disease convinced him that humans possess these nine different and often unrelated intellectual capacities, or intelligences. Moreover, he argues that the biological organisation of the brain affects one\u2019s strength in each of the nine areas.<i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> He points out that a person can be outstanding in some intelligences and not in others.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Type of intelligence<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Ability involved<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills and Career Preferences<\/span><\/b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Linguistic\/Verbal<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to utilize language skill at learning, using, and understanding languages<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Listening, speaking, writing, teaching.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Poet, journalist, writer, teacher, lawyer, politician, translator<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Logical-Mathematical<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to process and compute logical problems and equations skill at solving algebra problems<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Problem solving (logical &amp; math), performing experiments<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Scientists, engineers, accountants, mathematicians<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Spatial Musical<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to comprehend shapes and images in three dimensions skill at putting puzzles together or moulding sculptures <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; puzzle building, painting, constructing, fixing, designing objects<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Sculptor, artist, inventor, architect, mechanic, engineer<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Musical <\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Ability to perform and compose music skills at performing and comprehending music<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Singing, playing instruments, composing music<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Musician, disc jockey, singer, composer<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Body-Kinaesthetic<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to perceive and control movement, balance, agility, grace sense of how one\u2019s body should act and react in a physically demanding situation<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Dancing, sports, hands on experiments, acting<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Athlete, PE teacher, dancer, actor, firefighter<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Interpersonal<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to interact with and understand others and to interpret their behaviour skill at gauging others\u2019 moods and motivations<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Seeing from other perspectives, empathy, counseling, co-operating<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Counselor, salesperson, politician, business person, minister<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Intrapersonal<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to understand and sense oneself skill at using self-esteem, self enhancement, and strength of character to solve internal problems<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Recognize one\u2019s S\/W, reflective, aware of inner feelings<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Researchers, theorists, philosophers<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Naturalist<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to identify and classify patterns and relationships in natural surroundings skill at distinguishing differences among large numbers of similar objects<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;&#8211; Recognize one\u2019s connection to nature, apply science theory to life<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;\u2013 Scientist, naturalist, landscape architect<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Existential <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin: 12.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Ability to comprehend the experience of existence, <\/span><span style=\"background: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">ability to use collective values and intuition to understand others and the world around them.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><td>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Skills<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;\u2013 Reflective and deep thinking, design abstract theories<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-pagination: none;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">Careers<\/span><\/b><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-GB;\">&nbsp;\u2013 Scientist, philosopher, theologian<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Table: Gardner\u2019s nine types of Intelligence<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Critics of Gardner\u2019s theory argue that some of what Gardner called \u201cintelligence\u201d are really skills. For instance, someone with exceptional musical abilities or body-kinaesthetic abilities is really just talented. These critics claim that intelligence and talent (or skill) are two different things.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Emotional_Intelligence\"><\/span><b><i><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-style: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><b><i><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;\">Emotional Intelligence<\/span><\/i><\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">Another type of intelligence is called <\/span><\/i><b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">emotional intelligence<\/span><\/i><\/b><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">. It is related to Gardner\u2019s concepts of interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligences and has been discussed in the popular press. Emotional intelligence has four major aspects (Mayer &amp; Salovey, 1997):<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">\u2022<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">The ability to perceive and express emotions accurately and appropriately<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">\u2022<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">The ability to use emotions while thinking<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">\u2022<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">The ability to understand emotions and use the knowledge effectively<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><!-- [if !supportLists]--><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-list: Ignore;\">\u2022<span style=\"font: 7pt 'Times New Roman';\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/span><!--[endif]--><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">The ability to regulate one\u2019s emotions to promote personal <a href=\"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/definition-of-growth-and-development\/\">growth<\/a><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><i style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\">This view of intelligence has intrigued many psychologists. Major proponents of this view have linked emotional intelligence to success in the workplace. Some psychologists, however, argue that emotional intelligence is simply a measurement of extraversion. More research needs to be done to confirm this theory of intelligence. <\/span><\/i><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It is in sense that different scholars made efforts to come up with their own understanding of what intelligence really is and the different forms that it may take. It is this effort by psychologists and other scientists which resulted in various Theories of intelligence.\u00a0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1760,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"wds_primary_category":113,"footnotes":""},"categories":[113],"tags":[71],"class_list":["post-941","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-intelligence","tag-educational-psychology"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Theories-of-Intelligence.jpg?fit=960%2C720&ssl=1","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":979,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/the-concept-of-cognitive-development\/","url_meta":{"origin":941,"position":0},"title":"The Concept of Cognitive Development","author":"centreforelites","date":"1 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Psychologists have come up with different approaches to cognitive development. Cognition is the mental activity and behaviour that allows us to understand the world.","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Cognitive Development&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cognitive Development","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/category\/cognitive-development\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Concept of Cognitive Development","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Concept-of-Cognitive-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Concept-of-Cognitive-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Concept-of-Cognitive-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Concept-of-Cognitive-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/Concept-of-Cognitive-Development.webp?fit=1200%2C1200&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":943,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/the-nature-and-structure-of-intelligence\/","url_meta":{"origin":941,"position":1},"title":"THE NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF INTELLIGENCE","author":"centreforelites","date":"3 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The structure of intelligence can be referred to as the different components or elements of intelligence which, according to the triardic theory are divided into: metacomponents, performance components, and knowledge-acquisition components.","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Education","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/category\/blog\/education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"THE NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF INTELLIGENCE","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-207924.jpeg?fit=1200%2C673&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-207924.jpeg?fit=1200%2C673&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-207924.jpeg?fit=1200%2C673&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-207924.jpeg?fit=1200%2C673&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-207924.jpeg?fit=1200%2C673&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":940,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/techniques-of-measuring-intelligence\/","url_meta":{"origin":941,"position":2},"title":"2 Techniques of Measuring Intelligence","author":"centreforelites","date":"3 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The idea of measuring intelligence began in 1904 in France, when the psychologist Alfred Binet was commissioned by the French government to find a method that would assist to differentiate between children who were \u2018intellectually normal\u2019 and those who were \u2018inferior\u2019 (slow learners).","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Intelligence&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Intelligence","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/category\/intelligence\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Techniques of Measuring Intelligence","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-260024.jpeg?fit=1200%2C821&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-260024.jpeg?fit=1200%2C821&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-260024.jpeg?fit=1200%2C821&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-260024.jpeg?fit=1200%2C821&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-260024.jpeg?fit=1200%2C821&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":944,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/theories-of-forgetfulness\/","url_meta":{"origin":941,"position":3},"title":"Here are the 6 Theories of Forgetfulness","author":"centreforelites","date":"3 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"The theories of forgetfulness, explain different ways in which concepts are understood. It is in this logic that even the theories of forgetting were viewed divergently by various scholars.","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Memory and forgetfulness&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Memory and forgetfulness","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/category\/memory-and-forgetfulness\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Theories of Forgetfulness","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-3866999.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-3866999.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-3866999.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-3866999.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/pexels-photo-3866999.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1021,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/educational-psychology\/","url_meta":{"origin":941,"position":4},"title":"Educational Psychology. Definition and Nature","author":"centreforelites","date":"29 \u0441\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Educational Psychology is the branch of Psychology that specially explores the understanding of teaching and learning in educational settings. It is the study of how humans learn in educational settings,","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;Educational Psychology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Educational Psychology","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/category\/educational-psychology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"woman in white shirt and blue denim shorts lying on bed","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/pexels-photo-6941450.jpeg?fit=1200%2C675&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2867,"url":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/historical-perspectives-of-psychology\/","url_meta":{"origin":941,"position":5},"title":"HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES OF PSYCHOLOGY","author":"centreforelites","date":"5 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Understanding the historical perspectives of psychology helps us appreciate how it has evolved and how it continues to grow as a science.","rel":"","context":"\u0412 &quot;General Psychology&quot;","block_context":{"text":"General Psychology","link":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/category\/general-psychology\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES OF PSYCHOLOGY","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/pexels-photo-18485545.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/pexels-photo-18485545.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/pexels-photo-18485545.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/pexels-photo-18485545.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/support.centreforelites.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/pexels-photo-18485545.jpeg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/941","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=941"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/941\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2889,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/941\/revisions\/2889"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=941"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=941"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/support.centreforelites.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=941"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}